个就是名列第七位的亚历山大灯塔(The Lighthouse of Alexandria)。它不带有任何宗教色彩，纯粹为人民实际生活而建，亚历山大灯塔的烛光在晚上照耀着整个亚历山大港，保护着海上的船只，另外，它亦是当时世上最高的建筑物。 亚历山大灯塔的遗址在埃及亚历山大城边的法罗斯岛上。公元前330年，不可一世的马其顿国王亚历山大大帝攻占了埃及，并在尼罗河三角洲西北端即地中海南岸，建立了一座以他名字命名的城市。这是一座战略地位十分重要的城市，在以后的100年间，它成了埃及的首都，是世界上最繁华的城市之一，而且也是整个地中海世界和中东地区最大最重要的一个国际转运港。
名字
这座灯塔建在亚历山大城海滨外一公里多的法罗斯岛上，故以“法罗斯”定名。此后西方各国的“灯塔”一词，均以“法罗斯”（pharos）音。例如英语的“pharos”，法语的“pharos”， 意大利语和西班牙语的“faro ”等皆发此音。实际上，这座高大壮观的灯塔并非真在岛上，而是建在距该岛还有七米的一个大礁石上。石礁随海潮的起落而时隐时现，使整个灯塔建筑长年经受着 海浪的拍打冲刷，好似在大海中拔起一座冲大天厦。塔上有一盏形体巨大、光芒四射、长年不熄的灯塔火炬。外观
亚历山大灯塔(The Lighthouse of Alexandria) 高120米，加上塔基，整个高度约135米。塔楼由三层组成：第一层是方形结构，高60米，里面有300多个大小不等的房间，用来作燃料库、机房和工作人 员的寝室；第二层是八角形结构，高15米；第三层是圆形结构，上面用8米高的8根石柱围绕在圆顶灯楼。灯楼上面，矗立着8米高的太阳神赫利俄斯站立姿态的青铜雕像。整座灯塔都是用花岗石和铜等材料建筑而成，灯的燃料是橄榄油和木材。整个灯塔的面积约930平方米。聪明的设计师还采用反光的原理，用镜子把灯光反射到更远的海面上。这座无与伦比的灯塔，夜夜灯火通明，兢兢业业地为入港船只导航，它给舵手带来了一种安全感。历史
公元前280年秋天的一个夜晚，月黑风高，一艘埃及的皇家喜船，在驶入亚历山大港时，触礁沉没了，船上的皇亲国戚及从欧洲娶来的新娘，全部葬身鱼腹。这一悲剧，震惊了埃及朝野上下。埃及国王托勒密二世下令在最大港口的入口处，修建导航灯塔。经过40年的努力，一座雄伟壮观的灯塔竖立在法罗斯岛的东端。它立于距岛岸7米处的石礁上，人们将它称为“亚历山大法罗斯灯塔”。 当亚历山大灯塔建成后，它以400英尺的高度当之无愧地成为当时世界上最高的建筑物。他的设计者是希腊的建筑师索斯查图斯。1500年来，亚历山大灯塔一直在暗夜中为水手们指引进港的路线。一位阿拉伯旅行家在他的笔记中这样记载着：“灯塔是建筑在三层台阶之上，在它的顶端，白天用一面镜子反射日光，晚上用火光引导船只。”公元14世纪，亚历山大城发生了一场罕见的大地震，摇晃的大地以巨大地力量摧毁了这座古代世界的建筑奇迹。这座亚历山大城的忠诚卫这顶亚历山大城的王冠就这样消失又过了一个世纪，埃及国王玛姆路克苏丹为了抵抗外来侵略保卫埃及及其海岸线下令在灯塔原址上修建了一座城堡并以他本人的名字命名埃及独立之后，城堡改成了航海博物馆（Naval Museum）1996年11月一组潜水员在地中海深处发现了据说是亚历山大灯塔的遗留物
Seven Wonders of the ancient world recognized two in Egypt, one is the first among the eight wonders of the pyramids of Giza, the other
[Lighthouse of Alexandria]
Lighthouse of AlexandriaA is ranked seventh of the Lighthouse of Alexandria (The Lighthouse of Alexandria). It does not contain any religious, purely for the people in real life and built the lighthouse of Alexandria in the evening candlelight shining across Alexandria, protecting maritime vessels, in addition, it also was the world's tallest building. Site of the lighthouse of Alexandria in Alexandria, Egypt edge of the town of Pharos island. 330 BC, the mighty Macedonian king Alexander the Great captured Egypt and the Nile Delta in the northwest end of the Mediterranean coast, built a city named after him. This is a very important strategic position of the city, 100 years later, it became the capital of Egypt, is the world's most prosperous cities, but also throughout the Mediterranean world and the Middle East's largest and most important international transshipment port.Name
This lighthouse was built in the coastal city of Alexandria, one kilometer outside the island of Pharos, which means "Pharos" naming. Western countries since the "Lighthouse" is, are "Pharos" (pharos) sound. For example, English "pharos", French "pharos", Italian and Spanish "faro" h ave made this sound. In fact, this is not really tall and magnificent lighthouse on the island but the island was built there seven meters away from a big rock on. Reef with the tide rise and fall and when hidden, so that the whole lighthouse withstood the waves of the beat for many years, erosion, and pull up in the ocean like a big red building days. Tower has a great body, shine, do not put out many years the lighthouse torch.ExteriorLighthouse of Alexandria (The Lighthouse of Alexandria) 120 meters high, with Kentucky, the entire height of about 135 meters. Tower consists of three layers: the first layer is a square structure, 60 meters high, there are more than 300 sizes of rooms, used as fuel depots, room and staff bedroom; the second layer is the octagonal structure, high 15 meters; the third layer is the circular structure, above the 8-meter-high eight pillars around the floor in the dome light. Lights above the floor, stands 8-meter-high sun god Helios standing posture bronze statue. The whole lighthouse are using building materials such as granite and made of copper, olive oil and light fuel wood. The lighthouse area about 930 square meters. Intelligent designer also uses the principle of reflection, with a mirror to reflect light to the distant sea. This unique lighthouse, and night lights, hard into the territory of vessels for navigation, it brought a sense of security to the helmsman.History
In the autumn of 280 BC, one night, a dark and stormy, one of Egypt's royal hi ship, into Alexandria, the rocks sank, and from Europe on board the royal to marry the bride, all died in the belly of the fish . This tragedy shocked the Egyptian government and from top to bottom. Egyptian king Ptolemy II ordered the largest port in the entrance, the construction of navigation beacon. After 40 years of effort, a magnificent island of Pharos lighthouse erected at the eastern end. It stand 7 meters away from the island shore stone reefs, people will call it "Pharos Lighthouse of Alexandria." When the Lighthouse of Alexandria after the completion of 400 feet it deserved to become the world's tallest buildings. He was designed by Greek architect Gareth Charles Tucci. 1500, the Lighthouse of Alexandria has been in the dark for sailors refer to the introduction of Hong Kong route. An Arab traveler, in his notes recorded in this way: "lighthouse is built on top of three steps, at its top, with a mirror reflecting sunlight during the day and night to guide ships with fire."The 14th century, Alexander City, a rare occurrence of earthquake, shaking the earth with great power to destroy this ancient world of architectural wonders. This loyalty to the city of Alexandria, Alexandria City, the top guard this crown simply disappear Then, after a century, the king of Egypt 玛姆路克苏丹 to resist foreign aggression and to defend the coastline of Egypt ordered a lighthouse built on the site of a castle and in his I was named after the independence of Egypt, the castle into a Maritime Museum (Naval Museum) 1996 年 November 1 group of divers found deep in the Mediterranean is said to be remnants of the lighthouse of Alexandria
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